Fishing in the Amazon is not just a leisure activity—it’s a deep interaction with one of the most complex and delicate ecosystems on the planet. If you’re planning a fishing trip to this vast region, it’s essential to understand that timing is everything. The Amazon’s hydrological cycles have a direct impact on fish behavior, accessibility, and sustainability.
In this article, we’ll explore the best time of year for sustainable fishing in the Amazon, considering not only the abundance of fish but also the importance of preserving the ecosystem.
Understanding the Amazon’s Seasonal Cycles
Unlike regions that experience four distinct seasons, the Amazon operates on two main seasons based on rainfall and river levels:
- Rainy (Flood) Season: December to May
- Dry (Low Water) Season: June to November
These cycles dramatically affect river levels, fish habitats, reproduction, and fishing conditions.
The Rainy Season (Flood Season) – December to May
During the flood season, the rivers rise significantly, expanding into the surrounding forests. This period is crucial for fish reproduction and migration. Many species enter igapós (flooded forests) to feed, spawn, and shelter.
Implications for fishing:
- Fish are more dispersed and harder to catch
- Navigation can be more challenging due to submerged trees and strong currents
- Certain areas may become inaccessible or restricted
Is it good for sustainable fishing?
Not ideal. This season is usually less productive for fishing and critical for fish reproduction, meaning fishing should be minimized or avoided in many areas.
⚠️ It’s also during this time that closed fishing seasons (defeso) are enforced to protect breeding species like the arapaima and tambaqui.
The Dry Season (Low Water) – June to November
As the water recedes, fish are naturally concentrated in smaller areas such as river channels, lakes, and streams. This is when most sustainable fishing activity—both for sport and subsistence—takes place.
Benefits for fishing:
- Easier access to fishing spots
- Fish are more concentrated, increasing catch potential
- Weather is generally more stable
- Ideal time for catch-and-release sport fishing
Is it good for sustainable fishing?
Yes. With proper guidance and respect for the rules, this is the best period for responsible fishing in the Amazon.
Month-by-Month Breakdown
Here’s a simplified guide to help you plan your trip or fishing activity in the Amazon:
| Month | Water Level | Recommended for Fishing? | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | High | ❌ Not recommended | Peak of rainy season, breeding time |
| February | High | ❌ Not recommended | End of breeding season (defeso) |
| March | High | ⚠️ Caution | Water still high, fish dispersed |
| April | High | ⚠️ Caution | Some fishing allowed with care |
| May | Transition | ✅ Beginning of fishing season | Water levels start dropping |
| June | Low | ✅ Best conditions | Great time for sport fishing |
| July | Low | ✅ Excellent | Peak of dry season, high fish concentration |
| August | Low | ✅ Excellent | Clear water, easy access to remote areas |
| September | Low | ✅ Excellent | Ideal for catch-and-release tours |
| October | Low | ✅ Great | Good for sustainable subsistence fishing |
| November | Rising | ⚠️ Last safe period | Start preparing for flood season |
| December | High | ❌ Not recommended | Waters rise quickly, reproduction begins |
Species Behavior and Sustainability
Timing your fishing trip with sustainability in mind also means understanding how different species behave during the year.
- Peacock Bass (Tucunaré): More active during the dry season; best caught in August–October
- Arapaima (Pirarucu): Fishing allowed only in managed areas and usually outside the flood season
- Tambaqui and Pacu: Protected during the rainy season; legal fishing resumes mid-year
- Piranhas and smaller fish: Available year-round but more accessible in the dry season
Avoiding fishing during spawning periods not only ensures population renewal but also aligns with legal protections.
Environmental Considerations
Even in the best season, sustainable fishing depends on responsible actions:
- Use non-invasive gear
- Follow size and quantity regulations
- Practice catch and release when possible
- Hire licensed local guides who understand conservation rules
- Avoid disturbing wildlife or polluting rivers
When Is the Best Time Overall?
If you’re looking for the perfect balance between great fishing conditions and sustainable impact, the months between June and October are ideal.
You’ll enjoy:
- High fish activity
- Easier navigation and access
- Lower environmental risk
- Better visibility and dry weather
This period also aligns with legal fishing allowances and avoids critical spawning times for most species.
Final Thoughts: Timing Is Key to Sustainability
Fishing in the Amazon is more than catching fish—it’s about engaging with one of the world’s most precious natural environments. Choosing the right time of year helps ensure that your experience is productive, respectful, and sustainable.
Whether you’re a sport fisher or a nature enthusiast, timing your trip for the dry season—while respecting local regulations—helps preserve the Amazon and guarantees unforgettable moments on the water.
Sou redatora especializada em pesca sustentável no Rio Amazonas, formada em Publicidade e Propaganda. Aliando comunicação e conservação, crio conteúdo que destaca o conhecimento tradicional, práticas sustentáveis e a preservação da biodiversidade amazônica. Meu trabalho visa conscientizar e inspirar ações responsáveis para proteger os rios e as comunidades que deles dependem.